PCBs Could Pose Risks for Property Buyers and Sellers, and Affect Values
Feb 14, 2011 9:19 AM, By Tricia H. Foley, Esq. and John B. Hankins, LEP, NREI Contributing Columnists
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Polychlorinated biphenyls, known as PCBs, are man-made organic chemicals manufactured in the United States from 1929 until they were banned in 1979 because of indications that they cause cancer and have other serious health consequences.
During that time, approximately 1.25 billion pounds of PCBs were manufactured in this country. PCBs are commonly associated with old transformers and electrical equipment. But during their period of manufacture, and particularly between 1950 and approximately 1978, the chemicals were used in a variety of building materials because of their insulating and elastic properties.
For instance, they were used in caulk, grout, paint, architectural coatings, adhesives, and insulation such as fiberglass and foam rubber, and in ceiling tile coatings. PCBs could also be found in HVAC gaskets and waterproofing compounds, as well as roofing materials.
As if that weren’t enough, PCBs can migrate to surrounding building materials and soil. They can lurk in dust, and even become airborne. Recently, the issue of PCBs in window caulk, particularly in school buildings, has drawn significant attention from the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA).
PCBs are primarily regulated under the Toxic Substances Control Act (TSCA), but may also fall within the Resource Conservation and Recovery Act (RCRA) and other federal and state environmental statutes depending on where they are found, and in what concentrations.
Currently, owners are not expressly obligated by federal regulations to test for PCBs in building materials, and the methods best suited for detecting PCBs vary based on the type of building material and its condition. Building owners, sellers, and buyers can manage risks associated with PCBs by working with a qualified consultant familiar with PCB detection, and by learning their obligations if removal and disposal of contaminated materials is necessary.
Hazards could involve liabilities
The presence of PCBs in old buildings may pose substantial risks to buyers and sellers. It may affect valuation of the building, along with warranties related to environmental hazards, liability to tenants, requirements for lender assessment and assurances. They may even have tax and insurance implications.
Buyers and sellers should understand when and how to test for the presence of PCBs and how to dispose of PCB-contaminated building materials. Following are additional considerations:
• If PCBs are extensive and exceed the health and safety thresholds set by the EPA, removal and disposal could be time-consuming and expensive, especially if those PCBs are airborne and have
• Owners should consider the potential liability to tenants arising from exposure to toxic PCBs in the building.
• A seller who warrants a building is free from contamination or environmental hazards may find himself in breach of that warranty if the buyer later discovers PCBs.
• Lenders may require assessments or assurances related to the presence of PCBs.
• There could be tax implications for undertaking a PCB removal project, rather than removing the chemicals as part of renovation or remodeling.
To Test or Not to Test
Owners and developers face a dilemma when considering whether to test building materials. For the owner, testing could trigger a mandatory report to the EPA and a requirement to conduct a large and expensive remedial project that would not have been required had the samples not been collected.
Although there is typically no obligation to test building materials for PCBs, testing has become more common as a step in the pre-acquisition due diligence process. It has also become part of pre-demolition assessments, particularly since there are substantial fines for disposal of PCB-containing waste at an unlicensed facility, even if the generator or facility was unaware of the presence of the PCBs.
There are three basic types of PCB testing: air samples, wipe samples and bulk samples. The first phase of testing is to cost-effectively determine the presence or absence of PCBs in the building materials. If PCBs are detected during the initial screening, more extensive testing may be required to determine the extent and the range of concentrations. The EPA typically requires samples on a 10-ft. grid. Large buildings could require hundreds of samples.
Removal and Disposal
The presence of PCBs at concentrations above 50 ppm, which is common for caulk, triggers a mandatory report to the EPA, which in turn triggers a mandatory requirement to remediate the condition.
The process of abatement of PCBs in building materials can be quite complex and expensive. For caulk, which can contain 3% or more of PCBs (30,000 ppm), it is common to find that the PCBs have migrated from the caulk into the surrounding building materials. When this occurs, the remedy needs to address not just the caulk but any building materials that contain more than 1 ppm for most occupied buildings. In some cases the contaminated materials must be transported across state lines for disposal.
Owners and developers must understand and deal with the consequences of current state and federal regulations. Although these regulations have been in effect for decades, the regulators and regulated community have only recently realized the extent to which PCBs occur in building materials and the practical and fiscal implications that this is having on the construction industry.
The best advice, whether you are an owner or a developer or both, is to understand these implications and to plan in advance. Plan before you buy, plan before you renovate, and perhaps most importantly, plan before you sample.
Tricia H. Foley
Tricia Foley is a partner in the real estate and environmental law department at Day Pitney LLP in Hartford, Conn. Her practice includes the business and regulatory aspects of environmental law, including green and sustainable business practices and carbon reduction programs. Ms. Foley has been an adjunct professor of environmental law at the University of Hartford, and is a frequent author and speaker on environmental topics.
John Hankins directs the Environmental Due Diligence Group at Fuss & O’Neill, in Manchester, Conn. His practice focuses on transaction-related environmental assessments as well as the assessment and remediation of contaminated sites throughout the Northeast.
Thursday, December 15, 2011
Tuesday, October 25, 2011
Gas Pump Handles Top Study of Filthy Surfaces
Body & Mind - HEALTH
Gas Pump Handles Top Study of Filthy Surfaces
Published October 25, 2011
| Reuters
Just when you thought filling up your car could not hurt any more, researchers may have found another reason to avoid touching the gas pump: germs.
Gas pump handles turned out to be the filthiest surface that Americans encounter on the way to work, according to a study released on Tuesday by Kimberly-Clark Professional, a unit of personal hygiene giant Kimberly-Clark Corp.
A team of hygienists swabbed hundreds of surfaces around six U.S. cities to see what everyday objects are breeding grounds for the worst bacteria and viruses.
The top offenders, following gas pumps, were handles on public mailboxes, escalator rails and ATM buttons.
Closely following on the filthiest list were parking meters and kiosks, crosswalk buttons and buttons on vending machines in shopping malls.
"It comes down to the fact that nobody cleans the things that you're going to touch on a daily basis," said Dr. Kelly Arehart, program leader of Kimberly-Clark's Healthy Workplace Project.
Testers analyzed swabs of the surfaces for levels of adenosine triphosphate, which signals the presence of animal, vegetable, bacteria, yeast or mold cells, and the high levels found suggest they can be transmitting illness, researchers said.
Swabs were taken in Atlanta, Chicago, Dallas, Los Angeles, Miami and Philadelphia.
Arehart's colleague Brad Reynolds said germs from people's hands can transfer seven times before leaving the skin. People should wash their hands as soon as they get to work, he said.
Gas Pump Handles Top Study of Filthy Surfaces
Published October 25, 2011
| Reuters
Just when you thought filling up your car could not hurt any more, researchers may have found another reason to avoid touching the gas pump: germs.
Gas pump handles turned out to be the filthiest surface that Americans encounter on the way to work, according to a study released on Tuesday by Kimberly-Clark Professional, a unit of personal hygiene giant Kimberly-Clark Corp.
A team of hygienists swabbed hundreds of surfaces around six U.S. cities to see what everyday objects are breeding grounds for the worst bacteria and viruses.
The top offenders, following gas pumps, were handles on public mailboxes, escalator rails and ATM buttons.
Closely following on the filthiest list were parking meters and kiosks, crosswalk buttons and buttons on vending machines in shopping malls.
"It comes down to the fact that nobody cleans the things that you're going to touch on a daily basis," said Dr. Kelly Arehart, program leader of Kimberly-Clark's Healthy Workplace Project.
Testers analyzed swabs of the surfaces for levels of adenosine triphosphate, which signals the presence of animal, vegetable, bacteria, yeast or mold cells, and the high levels found suggest they can be transmitting illness, researchers said.
Swabs were taken in Atlanta, Chicago, Dallas, Los Angeles, Miami and Philadelphia.
Arehart's colleague Brad Reynolds said germs from people's hands can transfer seven times before leaving the skin. People should wash their hands as soon as they get to work, he said.
Thursday, September 29, 2011
LM Import & Export Recalls Toy Cars Due to Violation of Lead Paint Standard
Connecticut Department of Public Health
410 Capitol Avenue, MS#51 LED
Hartford, CT 06134-0308
Message Cover Sheet
DATE: September 29, 2011
TO: Directors of Health
Chief Sanitarians
Regional Lead Treatment Centers
Lead Contacts
FROM: Rhonda Wisniewski, Health Program Assistant PHONE: (860) 509-7299
FAX: (860) 509-7295
RE: LM Import & Export Recalls Toy Cars Due to Violation of Lead Paint Standard
cc: LPPCP and HH Staff, Suzanne Blancaflor, Francesca Provenzano and CT DCP
Number of pages including cover sheet: 3
Please see the attached product recall issued by CPSC. The products (toy cars) are
manufactured by LM Import & Export, Inc., of Miami, Fla. Surface paint on the toy cars contains
excessive levels of lead, a violation of the federal lead paint standard. Lead is toxic if ingested
by young children and can cause adverse health effects.
The products are sold in packages of four or six toy cars which are painted in silver, black or
blue with red stickers with “super,” “max” and “racing” labeled on the top and sides of the cars.
The 4” plastic car sets have item numbers “43835” and “43836” printed on a white label on the
back of the cardboard packaging. “Gallop X” or “RACING CARS” is also printed on the product
packaging.
The recalled items were sold at Mega Wholesale stores throughout Miami, Florida from
September 2010 through January 2011 for between about $2 and $3 per set. They were
manufactured in China.
Please see the recall notice for specific information for consumers and contact information for
the company. You may also contact the CT Department of Public Health Lead Poisoning
Prevention & Control Program at 860-509-7299.
410 Capitol Avenue, MS#51 LED
Hartford, CT 06134-0308
Message Cover Sheet
DATE: September 29, 2011
TO: Directors of Health
Chief Sanitarians
Regional Lead Treatment Centers
Lead Contacts
FROM: Rhonda Wisniewski, Health Program Assistant PHONE: (860) 509-7299
FAX: (860) 509-7295
RE: LM Import & Export Recalls Toy Cars Due to Violation of Lead Paint Standard
cc: LPPCP and HH Staff, Suzanne Blancaflor, Francesca Provenzano and CT DCP
Number of pages including cover sheet: 3
Please see the attached product recall issued by CPSC. The products (toy cars) are
manufactured by LM Import & Export, Inc., of Miami, Fla. Surface paint on the toy cars contains
excessive levels of lead, a violation of the federal lead paint standard. Lead is toxic if ingested
by young children and can cause adverse health effects.
The products are sold in packages of four or six toy cars which are painted in silver, black or
blue with red stickers with “super,” “max” and “racing” labeled on the top and sides of the cars.
The 4” plastic car sets have item numbers “43835” and “43836” printed on a white label on the
back of the cardboard packaging. “Gallop X” or “RACING CARS” is also printed on the product
packaging.
The recalled items were sold at Mega Wholesale stores throughout Miami, Florida from
September 2010 through January 2011 for between about $2 and $3 per set. They were
manufactured in China.
Please see the recall notice for specific information for consumers and contact information for
the company. You may also contact the CT Department of Public Health Lead Poisoning
Prevention & Control Program at 860-509-7299.
Wednesday, September 28, 2011
FDA Phases Out Inhaler Due to Environmental Impact
FDA Phases Out Inhaler Due to Environmental Impact
WASHINGTON – Federal health officials are alerting asthma patients that a type of inhaler sold over-the-counter will be phased out at year's end because it uses carbon gas that depletes the Earth's atmosphere.
The Food and Drug Administration says patients who use the epinephrine inhalers will need to switch to other types of inhalers which are only available with a doctor's prescription. The Epinephrine inhalers subject to the ban use chlorofluorocarbons to propel medication into the patient's airways.
The FDA finalized plans to phase out the products in 2008 and currently only Armstrong Pharmaceutical's Primatene mist is still available in the U.S. Other manufacturers have switched to an environmentally-friendly propellant called hydrofluoroalkane. These inhalers treat the same asthma symptoms but are only available via prescription.
WASHINGTON – Federal health officials are alerting asthma patients that a type of inhaler sold over-the-counter will be phased out at year's end because it uses carbon gas that depletes the Earth's atmosphere.
The Food and Drug Administration says patients who use the epinephrine inhalers will need to switch to other types of inhalers which are only available with a doctor's prescription. The Epinephrine inhalers subject to the ban use chlorofluorocarbons to propel medication into the patient's airways.
The FDA finalized plans to phase out the products in 2008 and currently only Armstrong Pharmaceutical's Primatene mist is still available in the U.S. Other manufacturers have switched to an environmentally-friendly propellant called hydrofluoroalkane. These inhalers treat the same asthma symptoms but are only available via prescription.
Thursday, September 22, 2011
Indiana Schools IAQ Regulations
As students and teachers head back to school, state health officials have implemented tougher indoor air quality requirements for Indiana classrooms. The new rules bring immediate changes for schools across the state, and they come on the heels of an Eyewitness News investigation showing serious air quality problems inside hundreds of Indiana schools. 13 Investigates shows you what schools are now required to do, and how it will impact students, teachers and even parents.
13 Investigates found classrooms across Indiana have an invisible problem.
They are filled with high levels of carbon dioxide, which can have a big impact on students.
"Higher levels of carbon dioxide make a person sleepy and it also decreases their learning ability," said David Gettinger, a facilities manager who monitors CO2 levels for Perry Township Schools. "More carbon dioxide means there's not enough oxygen in the classroom and you don't think as straight."
Ron Clark, who conducts school indoor air quality inspections for the state health department, says elevated CO2 levels are one of the most common problems he finds in schools.
"It means they aren't bringing in enough fresh air for students," Clark said. "It would impact their education and their learning level."
For most students and teachers, high levels of CO2 won't make them sick, but it signals a problem with a school's air circulation, and the consequences can be devastating.
Students and teachers suffering
Students with asthma struggle to breathe in classrooms filled with high concentrations of carbon dioxide and often miss many school days as a result.
Poor air quality in schools takes a toll on many teachers, too.
"I go past a school building and I'll think there are people in there and they're having class and they're working. Why aren't I doing that?" asks Arlana Smith.
Smith taught adult education classes for Indianapolis Public Schools for 20 years before taking a medical disability leave three years ago. She says high levels of mold and pesticides tainted her classroom and destroyed her health.
"I've been diagnosed with multiple chemical sensitivity disorder, asthma, auto immune dysfunction, I have chronic pain, chronic fatigue," explained Smith, who spends much of her week traveling to doctor appointments. "I miss the students. I miss everything about having a normal life."
Smith's story is not unique.
Eyewitness News obtained state indoor air quality inspection reports for schools all over Indiana. They show many schools have elevated levels of bacteria and fungus, even visible mold. And 66% of Indiana schools inspected by the Indiana State Department of Health have too much carbon dioxide.
Even when problems are found, 13 Investigates discovered some schools go years without fixing them.
"We can't require them to fix what we find," Clark told WTHR in January. We make recommendations, but they're not enforceable."
New rules finally here
Indiana lawmakers ordered the state health department to change that two years ago, requiring the agency to establish new rules for school indoor air quality. The rules were supposed to be in place by summer 2010. After WTHR exposed a statewide problem with school indoor air quality earlier this year – highlighting health department delays in implementing tougher air quality standards – ISDH officials finally issued new rules, and they'll impact students and teachers right away.
"I think it's possible there will be more inspections because of the new rules," said Jennifer House, who oversees indoor air quality issues for ISDH. She says the new rules mean state inspectors can now act more quickly to investigate problems.
"Parents or teachers who are concerned about the quality of air don't need to actually fill out a specific complaint. Now if we get word that there could be a problem we can act, go in without someone putting their name to a piece of paper that they're complaining," House said.
Under the new indoor air rules, schools have to take action right now. They are required to:
--Implement a policy to limit vehicle idling when you pick up and drop off your kids at school.
--Implement policies to reduce allergens in classrooms such as air fresheners, chemicals and live animals.
--Implement a policy for routine cleaning of heating and air conditioning equipment, carpeting and furniture within each school.
--Fix all water leaks and mold problems identified inside the school within 48 hours.
--Tell students, teachers and parents exactly who's in charge of air quality within each school building.
"It gives [schools] a basis for what they need to be done to provide the right environment," House said.
Forgotten committee meets
The state health department is also going a step further. After years of delays and inaction, ISDH is reconvening a committee to help schools improve their air quality.
Lawmakers mandated the School Indoor Air Quality Panel in 2003 to help keep kids safe. Earlier this year, 13 Investigates discovered most seats on the committee were vacant and the group hadn't met in almost seven years.
13 Investigates contacted most original appointees of the 12-member panel. Nearly all of them expressed interest in meeting to discuss strategies that would improve air quality in schools, but all said the state health department had not contacted them in years.
"I haven't heard anything," panel appointee Jay Potesta said in March. "I think the health department was the wrong department to put in charge of this. Frankly, they haven't done much and we still have sick schools."
"There's been no communication whatsoever," added Mary Tanis, a teacher in the Lake Central School Corporation who was also appointed to the air quality panel. "For years, I tried e-mailing the governor. I wrote letters to him saying this was really important for schools and I never heard anything. I tried writing letters to the health department and finally I just gave up because it was not a priority."
13 Investigates obtained internal emails from ISDH that suggest state health officials were not eager to convene the committee. An August 2008 e-mail from John Ruyack, who was then serving as the health department's chief of indoor air quality, stated "there are not any issues [for the panel] to discuss," and efforts to implement a new indoor air quality rule for schools was not a high priority. "The rule is apparently on the back burner," he wrote. Ruyack told panel members he would schedule a panel meeting for early 2009, but there are no written documents to show that attempt ever happened.
Three years later -- soon after WTHR's investigation -- the health department officially reconvened the state's indoor air quality panel. The group met in May, although only five panel members attended and five of the panel's twelve seats had not been filled. The governor's office, health department and State Department of Education have yet to fill all of the vacancies left by disillusioned committee members who resigned during the past seven years.
"Really good progress"
Indoor Air Quality Panel members present at the May meeting approved a set of guidelines to help schools assess and improve their indoor air quality. The guidelines are supposed to be sent to all Indiana schools, and the panel is scheduled to meet again this fall.
Efforts of the panel combined with new, tougher air quality rules for schools should help teachers, parents and students breathe a little easier in classrooms all across Indiana.
"We're making some really good progress, but there is still a lot of room for improvement," Tanis said. "There is a lot more Indiana can do."
13 Investigates found classrooms across Indiana have an invisible problem.
They are filled with high levels of carbon dioxide, which can have a big impact on students.
"Higher levels of carbon dioxide make a person sleepy and it also decreases their learning ability," said David Gettinger, a facilities manager who monitors CO2 levels for Perry Township Schools. "More carbon dioxide means there's not enough oxygen in the classroom and you don't think as straight."
Ron Clark, who conducts school indoor air quality inspections for the state health department, says elevated CO2 levels are one of the most common problems he finds in schools.
"It means they aren't bringing in enough fresh air for students," Clark said. "It would impact their education and their learning level."
For most students and teachers, high levels of CO2 won't make them sick, but it signals a problem with a school's air circulation, and the consequences can be devastating.
Students and teachers suffering
Students with asthma struggle to breathe in classrooms filled with high concentrations of carbon dioxide and often miss many school days as a result.
Poor air quality in schools takes a toll on many teachers, too.
"I go past a school building and I'll think there are people in there and they're having class and they're working. Why aren't I doing that?" asks Arlana Smith.
Smith taught adult education classes for Indianapolis Public Schools for 20 years before taking a medical disability leave three years ago. She says high levels of mold and pesticides tainted her classroom and destroyed her health.
"I've been diagnosed with multiple chemical sensitivity disorder, asthma, auto immune dysfunction, I have chronic pain, chronic fatigue," explained Smith, who spends much of her week traveling to doctor appointments. "I miss the students. I miss everything about having a normal life."
Smith's story is not unique.
Eyewitness News obtained state indoor air quality inspection reports for schools all over Indiana. They show many schools have elevated levels of bacteria and fungus, even visible mold. And 66% of Indiana schools inspected by the Indiana State Department of Health have too much carbon dioxide.
Even when problems are found, 13 Investigates discovered some schools go years without fixing them.
"We can't require them to fix what we find," Clark told WTHR in January. We make recommendations, but they're not enforceable."
New rules finally here
Indiana lawmakers ordered the state health department to change that two years ago, requiring the agency to establish new rules for school indoor air quality. The rules were supposed to be in place by summer 2010. After WTHR exposed a statewide problem with school indoor air quality earlier this year – highlighting health department delays in implementing tougher air quality standards – ISDH officials finally issued new rules, and they'll impact students and teachers right away.
"I think it's possible there will be more inspections because of the new rules," said Jennifer House, who oversees indoor air quality issues for ISDH. She says the new rules mean state inspectors can now act more quickly to investigate problems.
"Parents or teachers who are concerned about the quality of air don't need to actually fill out a specific complaint. Now if we get word that there could be a problem we can act, go in without someone putting their name to a piece of paper that they're complaining," House said.
Under the new indoor air rules, schools have to take action right now. They are required to:
--Implement a policy to limit vehicle idling when you pick up and drop off your kids at school.
--Implement policies to reduce allergens in classrooms such as air fresheners, chemicals and live animals.
--Implement a policy for routine cleaning of heating and air conditioning equipment, carpeting and furniture within each school.
--Fix all water leaks and mold problems identified inside the school within 48 hours.
--Tell students, teachers and parents exactly who's in charge of air quality within each school building.
"It gives [schools] a basis for what they need to be done to provide the right environment," House said.
Forgotten committee meets
The state health department is also going a step further. After years of delays and inaction, ISDH is reconvening a committee to help schools improve their air quality.
Lawmakers mandated the School Indoor Air Quality Panel in 2003 to help keep kids safe. Earlier this year, 13 Investigates discovered most seats on the committee were vacant and the group hadn't met in almost seven years.
13 Investigates contacted most original appointees of the 12-member panel. Nearly all of them expressed interest in meeting to discuss strategies that would improve air quality in schools, but all said the state health department had not contacted them in years.
"I haven't heard anything," panel appointee Jay Potesta said in March. "I think the health department was the wrong department to put in charge of this. Frankly, they haven't done much and we still have sick schools."
"There's been no communication whatsoever," added Mary Tanis, a teacher in the Lake Central School Corporation who was also appointed to the air quality panel. "For years, I tried e-mailing the governor. I wrote letters to him saying this was really important for schools and I never heard anything. I tried writing letters to the health department and finally I just gave up because it was not a priority."
13 Investigates obtained internal emails from ISDH that suggest state health officials were not eager to convene the committee. An August 2008 e-mail from John Ruyack, who was then serving as the health department's chief of indoor air quality, stated "there are not any issues [for the panel] to discuss," and efforts to implement a new indoor air quality rule for schools was not a high priority. "The rule is apparently on the back burner," he wrote. Ruyack told panel members he would schedule a panel meeting for early 2009, but there are no written documents to show that attempt ever happened.
Three years later -- soon after WTHR's investigation -- the health department officially reconvened the state's indoor air quality panel. The group met in May, although only five panel members attended and five of the panel's twelve seats had not been filled. The governor's office, health department and State Department of Education have yet to fill all of the vacancies left by disillusioned committee members who resigned during the past seven years.
"Really good progress"
Indoor Air Quality Panel members present at the May meeting approved a set of guidelines to help schools assess and improve their indoor air quality. The guidelines are supposed to be sent to all Indiana schools, and the panel is scheduled to meet again this fall.
Efforts of the panel combined with new, tougher air quality rules for schools should help teachers, parents and students breathe a little easier in classrooms all across Indiana.
"We're making some really good progress, but there is still a lot of room for improvement," Tanis said. "There is a lot more Indiana can do."
Tuesday, September 13, 2011
CO2 and Nasal Allergies
A shot of carbon dioxide to the nose may bring some quick, though short-lived, relief to people with nasal allergies, a preliminary study suggests.
So-called intranasal carbon dioxide (CO2) is not yet an approved treatment for nasal allergies. The new study is one of a number of clinical trials being funded by Capnia, Inc., a Palo Alto, California-based company that is developing a hand-held device that, if approved, would allow people to administer the CO2 therapy to themselves.
In the new study, researchers recruited 348 adults with year-round nasal allergies, to irritants like dust, mold or pet dander.
They randomly assigned participants to have either one dose of CO2, delivered via a nosepiece attached to a CO2 cylinder, or a placebo "treatment" where nothing was delivered through the nosepiece.
Those receiving the real treatment were further divided into four groups, receiving either a lower or higher CO2 dose for either 10 seconds or 30 seconds.
About 30 minutes later, one of the CO2 groups, the one getting the higher dose for 10 seconds, reported bigger improvements in nasal congestion, itching, sneezing and watery eyes than those getting the placebo.
The advantage lasted about four hours, according to findings published in the Annals of Allergy, Asthma & Immunology.
The degree of symptom improvement was similar to what's typically seen with standard treatments like antihistamine nasal sprays, according to lead researcher Dr. Thomas B. Casale, a professor of medicine at Creighton University in Omaha, Nebraska.
If approved, intranasal CO2 could offer an alternative to people with seasonal or year-round nasal allergies, Casale told Reuters Health.
Prescription nasal sprays with anti-inflammatory corticosteroids, taken regularly, are the most effective treatment out there, Casale said. But some people, including parents of young children with nasal allergies, are reluctant to use steroids, even though the low doses in allergy nasal sprays are generally considered safe.
"There are still a lot of people who don't like to take medication," Casale said, "and might view this as a 'natural' treatment."
Because the treatment is still experimental, it is not clear how much it would cost if it makes it to the market.
An allergy expert not involved in the study was unimpressed with the results.
Even if the symptom reduction is around what's seen with antihistamine nasal sprays, the latter have longer-lasting effects, according to Dr. Harold Nelson, an allergist at National Jewish Health, a Denver hospital that specializes in respiratory diseases.
One dose is good for 24 hours, Nelson said in an interview with Reuters Health, whereas the benefits of intranasal CO2 wore off after 4 to 6 hours in this study.
On top of that, he added, intranasal CO2 "seems uncomfortable."
Of all CO2 patients in the study, upwards of 80 percent said they had nasal discomfort during the treatment, versus just about eight percent in the placebo group. Around one-quarter became teary-eyed, and 14 percent to 20 percent developed headaches.
"I must say, it's not a very attractive treatment," Nelson said.
He also pointed to what he saw as a weakness in the study: the placebo. Instead of comparing CO2 against some other gas, the researchers only gave placebo patients a nosepiece to insert.
That makes it unclear, Nelson said, if CO2 has some distinct effect, or if it was simply the intranasal pressure that somehow brought some people relief.
But Casale said that in an earlier study, this one of people with seasonal allergies, the researchers did use air in the placebo group, and the CO2-treated patients had greater symptom improvement.
Casale also pointed out that an advantage CO2 may have over antihistamines (both nasal spray and pill) and corticosteroids is that it works quickly. So the therapy might best fit into the nasal-allergy armament as an occasional, "as-needed" fix.
But that's still under study, Casale said. It also remains unclear why intranasal CO2 would be helpful against allergy symptoms, if that turns out to be the case.
Besides nasal steroids and antihistamines, some other nasal allergy treatments include nasal washes, which remove allergens from the nostrils, and allergy shots, which may be recommended for specific allergies that do not improve with medication.
Fox News
So-called intranasal carbon dioxide (CO2) is not yet an approved treatment for nasal allergies. The new study is one of a number of clinical trials being funded by Capnia, Inc., a Palo Alto, California-based company that is developing a hand-held device that, if approved, would allow people to administer the CO2 therapy to themselves.
In the new study, researchers recruited 348 adults with year-round nasal allergies, to irritants like dust, mold or pet dander.
They randomly assigned participants to have either one dose of CO2, delivered via a nosepiece attached to a CO2 cylinder, or a placebo "treatment" where nothing was delivered through the nosepiece.
Those receiving the real treatment were further divided into four groups, receiving either a lower or higher CO2 dose for either 10 seconds or 30 seconds.
About 30 minutes later, one of the CO2 groups, the one getting the higher dose for 10 seconds, reported bigger improvements in nasal congestion, itching, sneezing and watery eyes than those getting the placebo.
The advantage lasted about four hours, according to findings published in the Annals of Allergy, Asthma & Immunology.
The degree of symptom improvement was similar to what's typically seen with standard treatments like antihistamine nasal sprays, according to lead researcher Dr. Thomas B. Casale, a professor of medicine at Creighton University in Omaha, Nebraska.
If approved, intranasal CO2 could offer an alternative to people with seasonal or year-round nasal allergies, Casale told Reuters Health.
Prescription nasal sprays with anti-inflammatory corticosteroids, taken regularly, are the most effective treatment out there, Casale said. But some people, including parents of young children with nasal allergies, are reluctant to use steroids, even though the low doses in allergy nasal sprays are generally considered safe.
"There are still a lot of people who don't like to take medication," Casale said, "and might view this as a 'natural' treatment."
Because the treatment is still experimental, it is not clear how much it would cost if it makes it to the market.
An allergy expert not involved in the study was unimpressed with the results.
Even if the symptom reduction is around what's seen with antihistamine nasal sprays, the latter have longer-lasting effects, according to Dr. Harold Nelson, an allergist at National Jewish Health, a Denver hospital that specializes in respiratory diseases.
One dose is good for 24 hours, Nelson said in an interview with Reuters Health, whereas the benefits of intranasal CO2 wore off after 4 to 6 hours in this study.
On top of that, he added, intranasal CO2 "seems uncomfortable."
Of all CO2 patients in the study, upwards of 80 percent said they had nasal discomfort during the treatment, versus just about eight percent in the placebo group. Around one-quarter became teary-eyed, and 14 percent to 20 percent developed headaches.
"I must say, it's not a very attractive treatment," Nelson said.
He also pointed to what he saw as a weakness in the study: the placebo. Instead of comparing CO2 against some other gas, the researchers only gave placebo patients a nosepiece to insert.
That makes it unclear, Nelson said, if CO2 has some distinct effect, or if it was simply the intranasal pressure that somehow brought some people relief.
But Casale said that in an earlier study, this one of people with seasonal allergies, the researchers did use air in the placebo group, and the CO2-treated patients had greater symptom improvement.
Casale also pointed out that an advantage CO2 may have over antihistamines (both nasal spray and pill) and corticosteroids is that it works quickly. So the therapy might best fit into the nasal-allergy armament as an occasional, "as-needed" fix.
But that's still under study, Casale said. It also remains unclear why intranasal CO2 would be helpful against allergy symptoms, if that turns out to be the case.
Besides nasal steroids and antihistamines, some other nasal allergy treatments include nasal washes, which remove allergens from the nostrils, and allergy shots, which may be recommended for specific allergies that do not improve with medication.
Fox News
Thursday, September 8, 2011
Mold and Hurricane Irene
Hurricane Irene and Tropical Storm Lee Flooding Cause Millions of Homeowners to Respond Quickly to Mold and Mildew Concerns
Catastrophe modeling agency Eqecat said that it estimates U.S. insured losses from Irene of $1.5 billion to $2.8 billion. In addition to filing insurance claims homeowners must also start the cleanup of any water damage quickly. The Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) confirms that “mildew and mold will develop within 24-48 hours of water exposure.” To assist homeowners the website http://www.MoldnMildewRemoval.com provides free access to a comprehensive source of mold and mildew tips for homeowners.
Email PDF Print .Washington, DC (PRWEB) September 05, 2011
Catastrophe modeling agency Eqecat said that it estimates U.S. insured losses from Irene of $1.5 billion to $2.8 billion. In addition to filing insurance claims homeowners must also start the cleanup of any water damage quickly. The Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) confirms that “mildew and mold will develop within 24-48 hours of water exposure.” To assist homeowners the website http://www.MoldnMildewRemoval.com provides free access to a comprehensive source of mold and mildew tips for homeowners.
In a report published by the Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) the agency confirms that mold and mildew are very serious issues that should be immediately take care. There are very serious health affects that can result from exposure to mold and mildew.
Mold and mildew can destroy a homes interior due to how it attaches itself to various objects. They are basically the same in how they cause damage. The difference is that mold can grow on walls and floors while mildew only grows on fabrics.
Individuals that suffer from allergies and asthma will that find that symptoms get significantly worse when exposed to mold and mildew. There have been reports of people not being able to breathe well for periods of time and yet their doctor can’t find what is causing it. The underlying culprit ends up being mold and mildew that is either in their home or office.
Not everyone has the same reaction to mold and mildew. That is why several people can live in the same home or work in the same office, yet only one or two of them is affected by the mold and mildew that is present.
Many doctors and health inspectors have become more aware and quicker to diagnose mold as a possible reason for a person’s deteriorating health.
Using a dehumidifier and having homes inspected on a regular basis by a professional can help to reduce the chances of mold and mildew developing
Catastrophe modeling agency Eqecat said that it estimates U.S. insured losses from Irene of $1.5 billion to $2.8 billion. In addition to filing insurance claims homeowners must also start the cleanup of any water damage quickly. The Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) confirms that “mildew and mold will develop within 24-48 hours of water exposure.” To assist homeowners the website http://www.MoldnMildewRemoval.com provides free access to a comprehensive source of mold and mildew tips for homeowners.
Email PDF Print .Washington, DC (PRWEB) September 05, 2011
Catastrophe modeling agency Eqecat said that it estimates U.S. insured losses from Irene of $1.5 billion to $2.8 billion. In addition to filing insurance claims homeowners must also start the cleanup of any water damage quickly. The Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) confirms that “mildew and mold will develop within 24-48 hours of water exposure.” To assist homeowners the website http://www.MoldnMildewRemoval.com provides free access to a comprehensive source of mold and mildew tips for homeowners.
In a report published by the Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) the agency confirms that mold and mildew are very serious issues that should be immediately take care. There are very serious health affects that can result from exposure to mold and mildew.
Mold and mildew can destroy a homes interior due to how it attaches itself to various objects. They are basically the same in how they cause damage. The difference is that mold can grow on walls and floors while mildew only grows on fabrics.
Individuals that suffer from allergies and asthma will that find that symptoms get significantly worse when exposed to mold and mildew. There have been reports of people not being able to breathe well for periods of time and yet their doctor can’t find what is causing it. The underlying culprit ends up being mold and mildew that is either in their home or office.
Not everyone has the same reaction to mold and mildew. That is why several people can live in the same home or work in the same office, yet only one or two of them is affected by the mold and mildew that is present.
Many doctors and health inspectors have become more aware and quicker to diagnose mold as a possible reason for a person’s deteriorating health.
Using a dehumidifier and having homes inspected on a regular basis by a professional can help to reduce the chances of mold and mildew developing
Tuesday, July 5, 2011
CT Lead Recalls
Connecticut Department of Public Health
410 Capitol Avenue, MS#51 LED
Hartford, CT 06134-0308
Message Cover Sheet
DATE: July 5, 2011
TO: Directors of Health
Chief Sanitarians
Regional Lead Treatment Centers
Lead Contacts
FROM: Rhonda Wisniewski, Health Program Assistant PHONE: (860) 509-7299
FAX: (860) 509-7295
RE: GAMMA Sports Recalls Children's Tennis Racquets Due to Risk of Lead Exposure
cc: LPPCP and HH Staff, Suzanne Blancaflor, Francesca Provenzano and CT DCP
Number of pages including cover sheet: 3
Please see the attached product recall issued by CPSC. The product (Quick Kids Junior Tennis
Racquets) is manufactured by GAMMA Sports, of Pittsburgh, Pa. The orange grip tape on the
tennis rackets handle contains high levels of lead. Lead is toxic if ingested by young children
and can cause adverse health effects.
This recall involves Quick Kids 23-inch aluminum junior tennis racquets with orange tape on the
hand grip. Recalled racquets have lot number"F:3:10:08" stamped onto the bottom of the
racquet grip below the "G."
The recalled items were sold online at www.gammasports.com, www.atssports.com and
www.holabirdsports.com from December 2010 through March 2011 for about $15. They were
manufactured in China.
Please see the recall notice for specific information for consumers and contact information for
the company. You may also contact the CT Department of Public Health Lead Poisoning
Prevention & Control Program at 860-509-7299
410 Capitol Avenue, MS#51 LED
Hartford, CT 06134-0308
Message Cover Sheet
DATE: July 5, 2011
TO: Directors of Health
Chief Sanitarians
Regional Lead Treatment Centers
Lead Contacts
FROM: Rhonda Wisniewski, Health Program Assistant PHONE: (860) 509-7299
FAX: (860) 509-7295
RE: GAMMA Sports Recalls Children's Tennis Racquets Due to Risk of Lead Exposure
cc: LPPCP and HH Staff, Suzanne Blancaflor, Francesca Provenzano and CT DCP
Number of pages including cover sheet: 3
Please see the attached product recall issued by CPSC. The product (Quick Kids Junior Tennis
Racquets) is manufactured by GAMMA Sports, of Pittsburgh, Pa. The orange grip tape on the
tennis rackets handle contains high levels of lead. Lead is toxic if ingested by young children
and can cause adverse health effects.
This recall involves Quick Kids 23-inch aluminum junior tennis racquets with orange tape on the
hand grip. Recalled racquets have lot number"F:3:10:08" stamped onto the bottom of the
racquet grip below the "G."
The recalled items were sold online at www.gammasports.com, www.atssports.com and
www.holabirdsports.com from December 2010 through March 2011 for about $15. They were
manufactured in China.
Please see the recall notice for specific information for consumers and contact information for
the company. You may also contact the CT Department of Public Health Lead Poisoning
Prevention & Control Program at 860-509-7299
CT Lead Recalls
Connecticut Department of Public Health
410 Capitol Avenue, MS#51 LED
Hartford, CT 06134-0308
Message Cover Sheet
DATE: July 5, 2011
TO: Directors of Health
Chief Sanitarians
Regional Lead Treatment Centers
Lead Contacts
FROM: Rhonda Wisniewski, Health Program Assistant PHONE: (860) 509-7299
FAX: (860) 509-7295
RE: Cost Plus Inc. Recalls Wooden Animal Drum Due to Violation of Lead Paint Standard
cc: LPPCP and HH Staff, Suzanne Blancaflor, Francesca Provenzano and CT DCP
Number of pages including cover sheet: 3
Please see the attached product recall issued by CPSC. The product (wooden animal drum) is
imported by Cost Plus Inc. of Oakland, Calif. The paint used on the drum is in excess of the
maximum allowable level of 90 ppm, a violation of the federal lead paint standard. Lead is toxic
if ingested by young children and can cause adverse health effects.
The recalled toy is a wooden hexagon drum with pictures of animals on the six sides. SKU No.
424857 is printed on a sticker on the bottom of the drum.
The recalled items were sold at Cost Plus World Market stores nationwide from December 2010
through May 2011 for about $7. They were manufactured in China.
Please see the recall notice for specific information for consumers and contact information for
the company. You may also contact the CT Department of Public Health Lead Poisoning
Prevention & Control Program at 860-509-7299.
410 Capitol Avenue, MS#51 LED
Hartford, CT 06134-0308
Message Cover Sheet
DATE: July 5, 2011
TO: Directors of Health
Chief Sanitarians
Regional Lead Treatment Centers
Lead Contacts
FROM: Rhonda Wisniewski, Health Program Assistant PHONE: (860) 509-7299
FAX: (860) 509-7295
RE: Cost Plus Inc. Recalls Wooden Animal Drum Due to Violation of Lead Paint Standard
cc: LPPCP and HH Staff, Suzanne Blancaflor, Francesca Provenzano and CT DCP
Number of pages including cover sheet: 3
Please see the attached product recall issued by CPSC. The product (wooden animal drum) is
imported by Cost Plus Inc. of Oakland, Calif. The paint used on the drum is in excess of the
maximum allowable level of 90 ppm, a violation of the federal lead paint standard. Lead is toxic
if ingested by young children and can cause adverse health effects.
The recalled toy is a wooden hexagon drum with pictures of animals on the six sides. SKU No.
424857 is printed on a sticker on the bottom of the drum.
The recalled items were sold at Cost Plus World Market stores nationwide from December 2010
through May 2011 for about $7. They were manufactured in China.
Please see the recall notice for specific information for consumers and contact information for
the company. You may also contact the CT Department of Public Health Lead Poisoning
Prevention & Control Program at 860-509-7299.
Tuesday, June 28, 2011
Ferns and Indoor Air Quality
SUWON, South Korea, June 24 (UPI) -- Five classes of plants were tested on removing formaldehyde inside buildings and ferns were found the most effective, U.S. and South Korean researchers say.
A team of scientists from South Korea's Rural Development Administration and the University of Georgia found Osmunda japonica -- Japanese royal fern -- was the most effective of all 86 species, coming in at 50 times more effective than the least efficient species D. deremensis.
Formaldehyde, a major contaminant of indoor air -- originating from particle board, carpet, window coverings, paper products, tobacco smoke and other sources -- can contribute to allergies, asthma, headaches and ''sick building syndrome."
Phytoremediation, the use of green plants to remove pollutants or render them harmless, was assessed by exposing the plants to gaseous formaldehyde in airtight chambers constructed of inert materials and measuring the rate of removal.
The study, published in HortScience, found the Japanese royal fern, Spikemoss, Hare's-foot fern, Polypodium formosanum, Guava, Sweet Lavender, Pteris dispar, Spider fern, and Geranium were the most effective species tested.
Read more: http://www.upi.com/Health_News/2011/06/24/Ferns-best-for-removal-of-indoor-chemicals/UPI-64781308958210/#ixzz1Qadh13df
A team of scientists from South Korea's Rural Development Administration and the University of Georgia found Osmunda japonica -- Japanese royal fern -- was the most effective of all 86 species, coming in at 50 times more effective than the least efficient species D. deremensis.
Formaldehyde, a major contaminant of indoor air -- originating from particle board, carpet, window coverings, paper products, tobacco smoke and other sources -- can contribute to allergies, asthma, headaches and ''sick building syndrome."
Phytoremediation, the use of green plants to remove pollutants or render them harmless, was assessed by exposing the plants to gaseous formaldehyde in airtight chambers constructed of inert materials and measuring the rate of removal.
The study, published in HortScience, found the Japanese royal fern, Spikemoss, Hare's-foot fern, Polypodium formosanum, Guava, Sweet Lavender, Pteris dispar, Spider fern, and Geranium were the most effective species tested.
Read more: http://www.upi.com/Health_News/2011/06/24/Ferns-best-for-removal-of-indoor-chemicals/UPI-64781308958210/#ixzz1Qadh13df
Tuesday, June 21, 2011
Cancer Risk of Styrene and Formaldehyde
U.S. Weighs Cancer Risk of Styrene and FormaldehydeBy GARDINER HARRIS
Published: June 10, 2011
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WASHINGTON — Government scientists are expected today to declare styrene a likely human carcinogen, a move that manufacturers have long feared. Styrene is used to make those ubiquitous white foam coffee cups and food containers and is widely used in building materials.
The primary risk to the general public from styrene exposure, however, comes from breathing indoor air, since its use is widespread in building materials and the exposure that comes from coffee cups and food containers is small. Still, styrene in food and water are risk factors, according to government scientists. Tobacco smokers are also exposed to styrene.
Formaldehyde is also expected to be declared a possible carcinogen in the Report on Carcinogens, put together by the National Toxicology Program, which is part of the National Institutes of Health. Studies suggest that exposure to formaldehyde — used widely in the funeral industry and building materials and even found in some popular hair treatments — could cause a form of leukemia.
Manufacturers have been lobbying fiercely for years against both designations, saying that no good studies have shown that either chemical causes cancer. Spokesmen for manufacturers said they would appeal the designations.
“It will unfairly scare workers, plant neighbors and could have a chilling effect on the development of new products,” said Tom Dobbins, a spokesman for the American Composites Manufacturers Association. “Our companies are primarily small businesses, and this could hurt jobs and local economies.”
Styrene, an important component of polystyrene, is used primarily in the manufacture of plastic packaging, thermal insulation in buildings, and disposable cups and food containers. It is also an important component of fiberglass and is found in boats, shower stalls and carpet backing.
Workers at plants that use styrene can be exposed to high levels of the substance. Studies of workers in styrene plants have suggested that they suffer relatively high levels of cancer.
Published: June 10, 2011
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Sign In to E-Mail
Reprints
WASHINGTON — Government scientists are expected today to declare styrene a likely human carcinogen, a move that manufacturers have long feared. Styrene is used to make those ubiquitous white foam coffee cups and food containers and is widely used in building materials.
The primary risk to the general public from styrene exposure, however, comes from breathing indoor air, since its use is widespread in building materials and the exposure that comes from coffee cups and food containers is small. Still, styrene in food and water are risk factors, according to government scientists. Tobacco smokers are also exposed to styrene.
Formaldehyde is also expected to be declared a possible carcinogen in the Report on Carcinogens, put together by the National Toxicology Program, which is part of the National Institutes of Health. Studies suggest that exposure to formaldehyde — used widely in the funeral industry and building materials and even found in some popular hair treatments — could cause a form of leukemia.
Manufacturers have been lobbying fiercely for years against both designations, saying that no good studies have shown that either chemical causes cancer. Spokesmen for manufacturers said they would appeal the designations.
“It will unfairly scare workers, plant neighbors and could have a chilling effect on the development of new products,” said Tom Dobbins, a spokesman for the American Composites Manufacturers Association. “Our companies are primarily small businesses, and this could hurt jobs and local economies.”
Styrene, an important component of polystyrene, is used primarily in the manufacture of plastic packaging, thermal insulation in buildings, and disposable cups and food containers. It is also an important component of fiberglass and is found in boats, shower stalls and carpet backing.
Workers at plants that use styrene can be exposed to high levels of the substance. Studies of workers in styrene plants have suggested that they suffer relatively high levels of cancer.
Tuesday, June 14, 2011
Copper ducting tipped for indoor air quality
The use of copper ducting in ventilation and central air-conditioning networks promotes indoor air quality, said the International Copper Association (ICA), the apex body promoting the use of copper across various sectors.
“Indoor air quality is of important concern in the Middle East region, where large duration of time is spent indoors due the high ambient temperatures during summer,” said Ravinder Bhan, the local representative of ICA.
“Health experts warn of the problems caused by airborne microbes, which tend to thrive in closed and poorly ventilated areas. The use of copper in air-ducts has been proven to better indoor quality.”
An office in Athens was among the first in the world to have total copper ventilation and air-conditioning network installed. The 3,000 sq m office space was fitted-out with hygienic copper ducting to highlight the importance and benefits of fresh air in office spaces.
The construction company’s original design concept was for ‘the creation of a clean, antimicrobial, detail-oriented environment of high-aesthetic quality and casual luxury’.
Copper offered a durable, high-quality installation with the added benefit that its natural beauty provided a visual difference from the norm, fitting well with the office’s overall design and making ordinarily-dull ductwork an appealing and eye-catching feature.
Research work assessing the effectiveness of copper as an antifungal surface for air-conditioning systems as an alternative to aluminium has recently been published in Letters in Applied Microbiology.
The results showed that on copper, there was increased die off of fungal isolates tested compared to aluminium. In addition, copper also prevented the germination of spores present, thereby reducing the risk of their release.
HVAC units, in which damp and dark conditions provide the perfect breeding grounds for germs, are a prime area of interest for researchers looking to further harness copper’s antimicrobial potential, a statement said.
The replacement of HVAC components, such as heat exchanger fins and drip pans, with copper alloys may have the potential to reduce biological contaminants that impact air quality, it added. – TradeArabia News Service
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“Indoor air quality is of important concern in the Middle East region, where large duration of time is spent indoors due the high ambient temperatures during summer,” said Ravinder Bhan, the local representative of ICA.
“Health experts warn of the problems caused by airborne microbes, which tend to thrive in closed and poorly ventilated areas. The use of copper in air-ducts has been proven to better indoor quality.”
An office in Athens was among the first in the world to have total copper ventilation and air-conditioning network installed. The 3,000 sq m office space was fitted-out with hygienic copper ducting to highlight the importance and benefits of fresh air in office spaces.
The construction company’s original design concept was for ‘the creation of a clean, antimicrobial, detail-oriented environment of high-aesthetic quality and casual luxury’.
Copper offered a durable, high-quality installation with the added benefit that its natural beauty provided a visual difference from the norm, fitting well with the office’s overall design and making ordinarily-dull ductwork an appealing and eye-catching feature.
Research work assessing the effectiveness of copper as an antifungal surface for air-conditioning systems as an alternative to aluminium has recently been published in Letters in Applied Microbiology.
The results showed that on copper, there was increased die off of fungal isolates tested compared to aluminium. In addition, copper also prevented the germination of spores present, thereby reducing the risk of their release.
HVAC units, in which damp and dark conditions provide the perfect breeding grounds for germs, are a prime area of interest for researchers looking to further harness copper’s antimicrobial potential, a statement said.
The replacement of HVAC components, such as heat exchanger fins and drip pans, with copper alloys may have the potential to reduce biological contaminants that impact air quality, it added. – TradeArabia News Service
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Friday, April 22, 2011
Hand Sanitizers Over Rated
Sometimes a hand sanitizer will reach too far in its claims. Four companies that say their products, including hand sanitizers, can prevent infection from the superbug MRSA, or methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, have been issued warning letters by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration, the federal agency announced April 20.
Since the products, which are all nonprescription, claim to prevent disease, they are classified as drugs, which are within the purview of the FDA. The agency said it does not have sufficient evidence that these particular products are safe and effective for these purposes.
Some of the products also advertise that they preventinfection from E.coli and the H1N1 flu virus. But there is not sufficient proof the combination of ingredients in the products, which include plant oils, the chemical benzethonium chloride, and the antimicrobial agent triclosan can actually impede infection from these diseases. The FDA is still evaluating whether triclosan can be used as an antimicrobial.
Alcohol-based sanitizers, on the other hand, are effective in preventing the spread of the seasonal flu, H1N1, colds and other viral- and bacterial-based diseases.
The warning letters explain the companies are marketing these products in violation of federal law.
"MRSA is a serious public health threat. The FDA cannot allow companies to mislead consumers by making unproven prevention claims," said Deborah Autor, director of the office of compliance in the FDA's Center for Drug Evaluation and Research.
The four companies have 15 days to correct the violations cited in the warning letters. Failure to do so may result in legal action, including seizure and injunction, the FDA said.
The warning letters were sent to these companies:* Tec Laboratories, for Staphaseptic First Aid Antiseptic/Pain Relieving Gel
* JD Nelson and Associates, for Safe4Hours Hand Sanitizing Lotion and Safe4Hours First Aid Antiseptic Skin Protectant
* Dr. G.H. Tichenor Antiseptic Co., for Dr. Tichenor's Antiseptic Gel
* Oh So Clean Inc., doing business as CleanWell Co., for CleanWell All-Natural Foaming Hand Sanitizer, CleanWell All-Natural Hand Sanitizer, CleanWell All-Natural Hand Sanitizing Wipes, and CleanWell All-Natural Antibacterial Foaming Handsoap
The FDA encouraged health care professionals and patients to report any adverse events or side effects from these products to the agency's MedWatch Safety Information and Adverse Event Reporting Program.
Pass it on: Companies that claim their products prevent MRSA have insufficient evidence for their advertisements, the FDA says.
This story was provided by MyHealthNewsDaily, a sister site to LiveScience
Since the products, which are all nonprescription, claim to prevent disease, they are classified as drugs, which are within the purview of the FDA. The agency said it does not have sufficient evidence that these particular products are safe and effective for these purposes.
Some of the products also advertise that they preventinfection from E.coli and the H1N1 flu virus. But there is not sufficient proof the combination of ingredients in the products, which include plant oils, the chemical benzethonium chloride, and the antimicrobial agent triclosan can actually impede infection from these diseases. The FDA is still evaluating whether triclosan can be used as an antimicrobial.
Alcohol-based sanitizers, on the other hand, are effective in preventing the spread of the seasonal flu, H1N1, colds and other viral- and bacterial-based diseases.
The warning letters explain the companies are marketing these products in violation of federal law.
"MRSA is a serious public health threat. The FDA cannot allow companies to mislead consumers by making unproven prevention claims," said Deborah Autor, director of the office of compliance in the FDA's Center for Drug Evaluation and Research.
The four companies have 15 days to correct the violations cited in the warning letters. Failure to do so may result in legal action, including seizure and injunction, the FDA said.
The warning letters were sent to these companies:* Tec Laboratories, for Staphaseptic First Aid Antiseptic/Pain Relieving Gel
* JD Nelson and Associates, for Safe4Hours Hand Sanitizing Lotion and Safe4Hours First Aid Antiseptic Skin Protectant
* Dr. G.H. Tichenor Antiseptic Co., for Dr. Tichenor's Antiseptic Gel
* Oh So Clean Inc., doing business as CleanWell Co., for CleanWell All-Natural Foaming Hand Sanitizer, CleanWell All-Natural Hand Sanitizer, CleanWell All-Natural Hand Sanitizing Wipes, and CleanWell All-Natural Antibacterial Foaming Handsoap
The FDA encouraged health care professionals and patients to report any adverse events or side effects from these products to the agency's MedWatch Safety Information and Adverse Event Reporting Program.
Pass it on: Companies that claim their products prevent MRSA have insufficient evidence for their advertisements, the FDA says.
This story was provided by MyHealthNewsDaily, a sister site to LiveScience
Tuesday, April 19, 2011
Formaldehyde in Hair Products
Beauty Salons May Expose Workers and Customers to Carcinogens
OSHA issues formaldehyde warning and Sussex Environmental Health Consultants provide comprehensive formaldehyde testing services.
PRLog (Press Release) – Apr 18, 2011 – Few people who visit a beauty salon realize they may be putting their health at risk. The Brazilian Blowout, the name given to a controversial hair straightening procedure, has come under the scrutiny of the Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA). The reason for the concern is the presence of formaldehyde in many of the products used in the procedure. According to an article last week in the Los Angeles Times, “State OSHA offices in California and Oregon began investigating the Brazilian Blowout and other hair smoothing products several months ago after a host of complaints from salon workers and clients reporting headaches, nosebleeds, blisters, burning eyes, vomiting, asthma attacks and other respiratory problems. Several state-level agencies -- including those in California, Oregon and Connecticut -- issued warnings about the products. Health Canada issued an outright ban.” Formaldehyde is widely used in many consumer products and common building materials. The World Health Organization’s (WHO) International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) has classified formaldehyde as a known human carcinogen. According to OSHA, some of the chemicals being used, including some labeled as ‘formaldehyde free’ actually contain the chemical at levels above federal limits. Sussex Environmental Health Consultants, LLC (SEHC) is an environmental, health and safety consulting firm located in Delaware that has an extensive history of investigating indoor air quality (IAQ) issues involving formaldehyde across the Mid-Atlantic region. “Both workers and the general public need to be aware of the health risks associated with prolonged or elevated exposure to formaldehyde,” stated Susan White, Ph.D., CMC, President of SEHC. “In the case of the Brazilian Blowout products, beauty salons using these chemicals should have the products evaluated, increase ventilation for the salons, provide personal protective equipment for employees and conduct routine exposure monitoring. Failure to do this could result in temporary or even permanent health problems,” she continued.
OSHA issues formaldehyde warning and Sussex Environmental Health Consultants provide comprehensive formaldehyde testing services.
PRLog (Press Release) – Apr 18, 2011 – Few people who visit a beauty salon realize they may be putting their health at risk. The Brazilian Blowout, the name given to a controversial hair straightening procedure, has come under the scrutiny of the Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA). The reason for the concern is the presence of formaldehyde in many of the products used in the procedure. According to an article last week in the Los Angeles Times, “State OSHA offices in California and Oregon began investigating the Brazilian Blowout and other hair smoothing products several months ago after a host of complaints from salon workers and clients reporting headaches, nosebleeds, blisters, burning eyes, vomiting, asthma attacks and other respiratory problems. Several state-level agencies -- including those in California, Oregon and Connecticut -- issued warnings about the products. Health Canada issued an outright ban.” Formaldehyde is widely used in many consumer products and common building materials. The World Health Organization’s (WHO) International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) has classified formaldehyde as a known human carcinogen. According to OSHA, some of the chemicals being used, including some labeled as ‘formaldehyde free’ actually contain the chemical at levels above federal limits. Sussex Environmental Health Consultants, LLC (SEHC) is an environmental, health and safety consulting firm located in Delaware that has an extensive history of investigating indoor air quality (IAQ) issues involving formaldehyde across the Mid-Atlantic region. “Both workers and the general public need to be aware of the health risks associated with prolonged or elevated exposure to formaldehyde,” stated Susan White, Ph.D., CMC, President of SEHC. “In the case of the Brazilian Blowout products, beauty salons using these chemicals should have the products evaluated, increase ventilation for the salons, provide personal protective equipment for employees and conduct routine exposure monitoring. Failure to do this could result in temporary or even permanent health problems,” she continued.
Wednesday, April 13, 2011
Girls Clothing Recall due to Lead
Connecticut Department of Public Health 410 Capitol Avenue, MS#51 LED Hartford, CT 06134-0308 Message Cover Sheet DATE: April 13, 2011 TO: Directors of Health Chief Sanitarians Regional Lead Treatment Centers Lead Contacts FROM: Rhonda Wisniewski, Health Program Assistant PHONE: (860) 509-7299 FAX: (860) 509-7295 RE: Girl’s Clothing Recalled by My Michelle Due to Risk of Lead Exposure cc: LPPCP Staff, Suzanne Blancaflor, Francesca Provenzano and Joan Jordan (CT DCP) Number of pages including cover sheet: 3 Please see the attached product recall issued by CPSC. The products (Girl's Tops) are distributed by My Michelle, of New York, NY. The jewelry and decorative trim attached to the girl's garments contain high levels of lead. Lead is toxic if ingested by young children and can cause adverse health effects. This recall involves girl's tops and dresses sold in sizes small to extra-large and 7 to 16. The garments were sold in various styles including: tops with beaded necklaces attached to the collar and tops with metallic beads attached to the collar. All styles of the tops and dresses have a black tag on the collar with pink print that reads "mymichelle." The recalled items were sold at Burlington Coat Factory, Dillard's, J.C. Penney, Kohl's, Army and Air Force Exchange (AAFES), K & G Fashion Superstore and other retail stores nationwide from January 2011 through March 2011 for about $38. They were manufactured in Vietnam. Please see the recall notice for specific information for consumers and contact information for the company. You may also contact the CT Department of Public Health Lead Poisoning Prevention & Control Program at 860-509-7299.
Monday, April 11, 2011
National Gypsum Announces Dismissal of Lawsuit
National Gypsum Announces Dismissal of Attempted Class Action Lawsuit Company’s Product Continues to Withstand Baseless Claims CHARLOTTE, N.C.--(BUSINESS WIRE)--National Gypsum Company, one of the nation’s largest manufacturers of gypsum wallboard, today announced that the plaintiff in Yee v. National Gypsum, et al. (pending in the U.S. District Court for the District of Arizona) voluntarily dismissed his putative nationwide class action lawsuit filed against the company in October 2009. “Our wallboard has passed the industry’s most rigorous testing and certification processes for indoor air quality and has been used by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) and the U.S. Green Building Council in their buildings.” “While we are pleased with the outcome of this case, we are hardly surprised. Throughout this litigation, we have never doubted the quality and safety of our gypsum wallboard and were confident we would be fully exonerated,” said Craig Weisbruch, Sr. vice president of Sales & Marketing. “Our wallboard has passed the industry’s most rigorous testing and certification processes for indoor air quality and has been used by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) and the U.S. Green Building Council in their buildings.” The putative class action, Yee v. National Gypsum, et al, alleged that the company manufactured defective drywall which emitted high levels of sulfur, damaged property inside homes and caused health symptoms. These problems have typically been associated with defective Chinese drywall, not domestic drywall. National Gypsum vigorously defended itself against the claims and denied all allegations. The plaintiff did not produce any credible scientific evidence that could substantiate his allegations. “We have not seen any reliable evidence that our gypsum wallboard poses any of the issues associated with defective Chinese drywall,” said Weisbruch. All of the wallboard that National Gypsum manufactures is made in the United States and has attained the highest level of GREENGUARD certification for helping achieve healthy air in homes, schools, hospitals and other public buildings. National Gypsum’s wallboard has earned numerous awards for safety and product quality and has been recognized for its environmental benefits by the EPA and contributes credits to numerous projects certified by the U.S. Green Building Council’s Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design (LEED) Green Building Rating System. For more information on National Gypsum and its products, visit www.NationalGypsum.com or www.DrywallFacts.com. About National Gypsum National Gypsum, based in Charlotte, NC, is a leading supplier of gypsum board, interior finishing products and cement board to the construction industry. It has a network of over 40 facilities in North America. Contacts National Gypsum CompanyCraig Weisbruch, 704-365-7556Director, Corporate Communications
Wednesday, March 2, 2011
More PCBs in Schools
Glastonbury Council Considers Funding For Start Of Window Replacement At School
PCBs Must Be Removed From Caulk And Bricks At Gideon Welles
GLASTONBURY — Although the Environmental Protection Agency requires that the town develop a plan to remove PCBs from window caulk and bricks at Gideon Welles School, the federal agency has no required timetable for the work.
Kevin W. Miller, president of Fuss & O'Neill EnviroScience LLC, told the town council recently that although the regulations are clear that "you have to do something," the EPA is "silent about the time frame."
"If the EPA believes there is a risk to health and the environment, they might require follow-up air and wipe tests. There is no evidence there is a risk to staff and students," he said.
PCBs — polychlorinated biphenyls — are chemical compounds that were used widely as an insulating material before their manufacture was banned in the late 1970s. They are suspected carcinogens.
The drafty windows — installed when the school was built in 1967 — were on the replacement schedule for years before the PCBs were found in their caulking. The chemical has been leaching into the masonry and other materials around the frames — increasing the cost of removing it from the original estimate of $810,000 to $1.67 million. The state could reimburse the town for $300,000 to $350,000 of the total cost.
Town Manager Richard J. Johnson noted that a further delay of the project could drive the cost even higher.
Town officials said the project would be done in phases over two summers and funding would be spread out over several years. The council now is trying to determine how much to budget for the work in it 2011-12 capital improvement program.
School Superintendent Alan B. Bookman said Friday that the summer of 2012 would be the earliest the project could start.
"The most important thing to do is submit some kind of plan," he said. "We are required by law to do that as soon as the PCBs were detected."
Miller said anything discovered with PCBs above 50 parts per million needs to have a disposal plan approved by the EPA. The PCBs discovered in the caulk had levels "in the thousands" of ppm, Miller said. He said the risk to students and staff would be from ingestion of dust or caulking that flakes off.
"This is typical of what we see," he said of the levels. "The oils seep into the bricks and concrete and all that material needs to be cleaned up and disposed of properly."
Council Chairwoman Susan Karp said the council will decide next month on the funding for the project, adding that the safety of the people in the building is "always our highest priority."
PCBs Must Be Removed From Caulk And Bricks At Gideon Welles
GLASTONBURY — Although the Environmental Protection Agency requires that the town develop a plan to remove PCBs from window caulk and bricks at Gideon Welles School, the federal agency has no required timetable for the work.
Kevin W. Miller, president of Fuss & O'Neill EnviroScience LLC, told the town council recently that although the regulations are clear that "you have to do something," the EPA is "silent about the time frame."
"If the EPA believes there is a risk to health and the environment, they might require follow-up air and wipe tests. There is no evidence there is a risk to staff and students," he said.
PCBs — polychlorinated biphenyls — are chemical compounds that were used widely as an insulating material before their manufacture was banned in the late 1970s. They are suspected carcinogens.
The drafty windows — installed when the school was built in 1967 — were on the replacement schedule for years before the PCBs were found in their caulking. The chemical has been leaching into the masonry and other materials around the frames — increasing the cost of removing it from the original estimate of $810,000 to $1.67 million. The state could reimburse the town for $300,000 to $350,000 of the total cost.
Town Manager Richard J. Johnson noted that a further delay of the project could drive the cost even higher.
Town officials said the project would be done in phases over two summers and funding would be spread out over several years. The council now is trying to determine how much to budget for the work in it 2011-12 capital improvement program.
School Superintendent Alan B. Bookman said Friday that the summer of 2012 would be the earliest the project could start.
"The most important thing to do is submit some kind of plan," he said. "We are required by law to do that as soon as the PCBs were detected."
Miller said anything discovered with PCBs above 50 parts per million needs to have a disposal plan approved by the EPA. The PCBs discovered in the caulk had levels "in the thousands" of ppm, Miller said. He said the risk to students and staff would be from ingestion of dust or caulking that flakes off.
"This is typical of what we see," he said of the levels. "The oils seep into the bricks and concrete and all that material needs to be cleaned up and disposed of properly."
Council Chairwoman Susan Karp said the council will decide next month on the funding for the project, adding that the safety of the people in the building is "always our highest priority."
Thursday, February 24, 2011
Secrets to a Healthy Home
Many of us already know the secrets of keeping our homes safe. Check for radon, watch for lead poisoning, and beware of gas leaks. These tips can preserve the lives of your family. But as you keep your home free of toxins, be sure to keep an eye on what you bring into your house. What you and your children are wearing can actually be hazardous to your health.
Rayon is a fabric used in many styles of clothing. Rayon is used to make sweaters, skirts, dresses, Halloween costumes, pajamas, and robes. The fabric may seem harmless, but the truth is, wearing rayon can endanger the lives of you, your children, and your home. Rayon is actually extremely flammable. Reports claim that even when exposed to minimal heat, such as the burning of a cigarette, rayon textiles may and have burst into flame. Rayon’s burning rate is comparable to that of newspaper. An entire rayon skirt can burn in as little as 3 seconds. Protect your house from fire and your family from severe burns by monitoring the clothing that you buy.
Next is a toxin you may already be familiar with. Asbestos has been widely used in the United States and around the world in insulation, drywall, tiles, adhesives, car parts, and heating appliances because of its fire-retardant properties. When asbestos is disturbed, its fibers can be inhaled or ingested. These fibers can also collect on clothes, shoes, and hair. Inhaling or ingesting asbestos may lead to a deadly cancer, mesothelioma. Because symptoms are subtle and latent for 20-50 years after asbestos exposure, mesothelioma diagnosis is often delayed. If you or a family member works near asbestos, it is important to monitor clothing that enters the home. Be cautious of mesothelioma causes like asbestos.
Finally, make sure to wash new clothes before wearing them. A toxin known as formaldehyde is often used in the manufacturing of clothes. Formaldehyde is said to keep clothes stain and wrinkle free. Besides aggravating the skin of more sensitive buyers, formaldehyde is known as a carcinogen. Even if your skin is not sensitive enough for visible signs of aggravation to show, prolonged exposure to formaldehyde increases the risk of cancer. Unlike asbestos, which may remain on clothing after washing, traces of formaldehyde are generally removed after a good soak. Even if you’re excited about wearing your brand new outfit, be sure to reduce your risk of cancer by washing your clothing before wearing it.
Keeping your home free of toxins and health hazards includes keeping your clothes safe. Check labels for flammable rayon clothing, make sure that you or loved ones aren’t bringing asbestos fibers home on their clothes, and wash new outfits to be rid of cancer-causing formaldehyde. After all, a healthy home is a happy one.
Poor AIr Quality and Heart Attacks
Dirty Air Triggers More Heart Attacks Than Cocaine, Scientists Say
Published February 24, 2011
Reuters
AP
Air pollution triggers more heart attacks than using cocaine and poses as high a risk of sparking a heart attack as alcohol, coffee and physical exertion, scientists said on Thursday.
Sex, anger, marijuana use and chest or respiratory infections and can also trigger heart attacks to different extents, the researchers said, but air pollution, particularly in heavy traffic, is the major culprit.
The findings, published in The Lancet journal, suggest population-wide factors like polluted air should be taken more seriously when looking at heart risks, and should be put into context beside higher but relatively rarer risks like drug use.
Tim Nawrot of Hasselt University in Belgium, who led the study, said he hoped his findings would also encourage doctors to think more often about population level risks.
"Physicians are always looking at individual patients, and low risk factors might not look important at an individual level, but if they are prevalent in the population then they have a greater public health relevance," he said in a telephone interview.
The World Health Organization (WHO) describes air pollution as "a major environmental risk to health" and estimates that it causes around 2 million premature deaths worldwide every year.Nawrot's team combined data from 36 separate studies and calculated the relative risk posed by a series of heart attack triggers and their population-attributable fraction (PAF), in other words the proportion of total heart attacks estimated to have been caused by each trigger.
The highest risk PAF was exposure to traffic, followed by physical exertion, alcohol, coffee, air pollution, and then things like anger, sex, cocaine use, smoking marijuana and respiratory infections.
"Of the triggers for heart attack studied, cocaine is the most likely to trigger an event in an individual, but traffic has the greatest population effect as more people are exposed to (it)," the researchers wrote. "PAFs give a measure of how much disease would be avoided if the risk was no longer present."
A report published late last year found that air pollution in many major cities in Asia exceeds the WHO's air quality guidelines and that toxic cocktails of pollutants results in more than 530,000 premature deaths a year.
While passive smoking was not included in this study, Nawrot said the effects of second-hand smoke were likely to be similar to that of outdoor air pollution, and noted previous research which found that bans on smoking in public places have significantly reduced heart attack rates.British researchers said last year that a ban on smoking in public places in England led to a swift and significant drop in the number of heart attacks, saving the health service 8.4 million pounds ($13 million) in the first year.
Tim Chico, a heart specialist at the University of Sheffield who was not involved in this research, said it would help health authorities focus on which are the most important triggers.
"However, what triggers the heart attack should be considered the "last straw." The foundations of heart disease that lead to a heart attack are laid down over many years," he said in an emailed comment. "If someone wants to avoid a heart attack they should focus on not smoking, exercising, eating a healthy diet and maintaining their ideal weight."
Published February 24, 2011
Reuters
AP
Air pollution triggers more heart attacks than using cocaine and poses as high a risk of sparking a heart attack as alcohol, coffee and physical exertion, scientists said on Thursday.
Sex, anger, marijuana use and chest or respiratory infections and can also trigger heart attacks to different extents, the researchers said, but air pollution, particularly in heavy traffic, is the major culprit.
The findings, published in The Lancet journal, suggest population-wide factors like polluted air should be taken more seriously when looking at heart risks, and should be put into context beside higher but relatively rarer risks like drug use.
Tim Nawrot of Hasselt University in Belgium, who led the study, said he hoped his findings would also encourage doctors to think more often about population level risks.
"Physicians are always looking at individual patients, and low risk factors might not look important at an individual level, but if they are prevalent in the population then they have a greater public health relevance," he said in a telephone interview.
The World Health Organization (WHO) describes air pollution as "a major environmental risk to health" and estimates that it causes around 2 million premature deaths worldwide every year.Nawrot's team combined data from 36 separate studies and calculated the relative risk posed by a series of heart attack triggers and their population-attributable fraction (PAF), in other words the proportion of total heart attacks estimated to have been caused by each trigger.
The highest risk PAF was exposure to traffic, followed by physical exertion, alcohol, coffee, air pollution, and then things like anger, sex, cocaine use, smoking marijuana and respiratory infections.
"Of the triggers for heart attack studied, cocaine is the most likely to trigger an event in an individual, but traffic has the greatest population effect as more people are exposed to (it)," the researchers wrote. "PAFs give a measure of how much disease would be avoided if the risk was no longer present."
A report published late last year found that air pollution in many major cities in Asia exceeds the WHO's air quality guidelines and that toxic cocktails of pollutants results in more than 530,000 premature deaths a year.
While passive smoking was not included in this study, Nawrot said the effects of second-hand smoke were likely to be similar to that of outdoor air pollution, and noted previous research which found that bans on smoking in public places have significantly reduced heart attack rates.British researchers said last year that a ban on smoking in public places in England led to a swift and significant drop in the number of heart attacks, saving the health service 8.4 million pounds ($13 million) in the first year.
Tim Chico, a heart specialist at the University of Sheffield who was not involved in this research, said it would help health authorities focus on which are the most important triggers.
"However, what triggers the heart attack should be considered the "last straw." The foundations of heart disease that lead to a heart attack are laid down over many years," he said in an emailed comment. "If someone wants to avoid a heart attack they should focus on not smoking, exercising, eating a healthy diet and maintaining their ideal weight."
Tuesday, February 22, 2011
PCBs in New York School Ballasts
February 22, 2011, 1:52 pm — Updated: 2:28 pm -->
Striking PCB Levels Found at a New York School
By MIREYA NAVARRO
The federal Environmental Protection Agency has found the highest levels of leaking PCBs to date in its inspections of New York City schools, at Public School 45 in Bushwick, Brooklyn.
Agency officials said that an inspection of lighting ballasts at the school on Feb. 12 revealed PCB levels of up to 660,000 parts per million, far beyond the regulatory limit of 50 parts per million.
Environmental Protection Agency A burnt lighting ballast.
Previous inspections at five other school buildings since January had found levels of up to 260,000 parts per million.
The likely cause was that capacitors in many of the lighting fixtures had “burned out and completely failed,” officials said. “This allowed the PCB-containing oil to seep through the potting material in almost pure form,” the agency said in a statement. “In most of the fixtures tested in this school the actual casing around the ballasts had also broken, allowing the high concentration of PCBs to contaminate the surface of the ballasts, the fixture housings, the wires and the diffusers that cover the lighting fixture.”The agency said that the higher the concentration in bulk material, the greater the potential for the PCBs’ entering the air, depending on variables like the amount spilled or released and the size of the room. E.P.A. inspectors found that in some cases that old leaking ballasts had been replaced but the new ones were installed in contaminated fixtures that had not been cleaned to remove the leaked material.
“The results give us a new sense of urgency — and certainly they, along with all of the results so far, point to a widespread problem that should and must be addressed by New York City in order to lower any potential risk of long-term exposure,” said Mary Mears, a spokeswoman for the E.P.A. in New York.
The E.P.A.. and community and elected leaders have been pressing the city to come up with a plan to assess and replace older fluorescent lighting fixtures in all schools because of the danger of leaks. But with about 800 school buildings involved, city officials have balked at the cost of such a wholesale approach to the problem.
The city, however, by law must remove any light fixtures found to be leaking PCBs at above a regulatory level of 50 parts per million. City officials say they have been doing so.
Health experts agree with the city that the health risks of PCB contamination are not immediate but say that the longer that such leaks persist, the higher the risk of illness. PCBs have been linked to cancer, impairment of immune and reproductive function, lower I.Q. and other problems.
A group of elected officials and schools advocates are calling on the New York City Department of Education to replace all toxic lighting ballasts within two to five years. A bill pending in the New York State Assembly would require the same in school buildings constructed between 1950 and 1978, before the use of PCBs was banned by the federal government.
The E.P.A.’s national recommendations on lighting ballasts are available here.
Striking PCB Levels Found at a New York School
By MIREYA NAVARRO
The federal Environmental Protection Agency has found the highest levels of leaking PCBs to date in its inspections of New York City schools, at Public School 45 in Bushwick, Brooklyn.
Agency officials said that an inspection of lighting ballasts at the school on Feb. 12 revealed PCB levels of up to 660,000 parts per million, far beyond the regulatory limit of 50 parts per million.
Environmental Protection Agency A burnt lighting ballast.
Previous inspections at five other school buildings since January had found levels of up to 260,000 parts per million.
The likely cause was that capacitors in many of the lighting fixtures had “burned out and completely failed,” officials said. “This allowed the PCB-containing oil to seep through the potting material in almost pure form,” the agency said in a statement. “In most of the fixtures tested in this school the actual casing around the ballasts had also broken, allowing the high concentration of PCBs to contaminate the surface of the ballasts, the fixture housings, the wires and the diffusers that cover the lighting fixture.”The agency said that the higher the concentration in bulk material, the greater the potential for the PCBs’ entering the air, depending on variables like the amount spilled or released and the size of the room. E.P.A. inspectors found that in some cases that old leaking ballasts had been replaced but the new ones were installed in contaminated fixtures that had not been cleaned to remove the leaked material.
“The results give us a new sense of urgency — and certainly they, along with all of the results so far, point to a widespread problem that should and must be addressed by New York City in order to lower any potential risk of long-term exposure,” said Mary Mears, a spokeswoman for the E.P.A. in New York.
The E.P.A.. and community and elected leaders have been pressing the city to come up with a plan to assess and replace older fluorescent lighting fixtures in all schools because of the danger of leaks. But with about 800 school buildings involved, city officials have balked at the cost of such a wholesale approach to the problem.
The city, however, by law must remove any light fixtures found to be leaking PCBs at above a regulatory level of 50 parts per million. City officials say they have been doing so.
Health experts agree with the city that the health risks of PCB contamination are not immediate but say that the longer that such leaks persist, the higher the risk of illness. PCBs have been linked to cancer, impairment of immune and reproductive function, lower I.Q. and other problems.
A group of elected officials and schools advocates are calling on the New York City Department of Education to replace all toxic lighting ballasts within two to five years. A bill pending in the New York State Assembly would require the same in school buildings constructed between 1950 and 1978, before the use of PCBs was banned by the federal government.
The E.P.A.’s national recommendations on lighting ballasts are available here.
Tuesday, January 25, 2011
Bed Bugs
They've emerged from the seats of darkened Times Square movie theaters, shut down clothing stores and infested cubicles.
With all the recent stories about bedbugs taking over Manhattan, some may worry that the critters are just biding their time before hitching a ride on Metro-North up to Greenwich.
Don't worry. They're already here.
The invasive pests, once relegated to a popular bedtime saying, have been a problem in the area for the past few years.
Steve Altarescu, vice president of Bliss Pest Control, which has an office in Greenwich and covers the tri-state area, said the company has dealt with the critters in private homes of all sizes, as well as offices in Greenwich and Stamford. They even recently completed an all-night bedbug treatment at a movie theater -- Altarescu couldn't say which one -- between New Haven and Hartford counties.
"Bedbugs are so crazy now, predominantly because of traveling," said Altarescu, an associate certified entomologist, meaning he studies insects. "They hitchhike in people's bags, whether they're work bags, trip bags, school bags. We do a tremendous amount of work in Greenwich, Stamford and Westport."
Altarescu said that though Greenwich commuters could possibly bring New York bedbugs home with them, the nocturnal insects are more likely to come inside a briefcase or bag than be found crawling around the three-seater of a train. However, it's not out of the question.
"Bedbugs tend to hide in cracks and crevices," Altarescu said. "Any kind of old seat is going to have a gap. Bedbugs don't need a really big gap."
Metro-North spokesman Dan Brucker said he has not heard of bedbugs being an issue on trains, and said there is no prevention plan in place to specifically target the insects.
"We haven't seen anything, and we would see it because we actually take our trains apart and clean them," Brucker said.
Altarescu said he doesn't recommend using chemicals to prevent an infestation if there is not already a bedbug problem. Businesses can keep track of bedbugs by utilizing dogs, mostly beagles, trained to sniff out the critters. Companies such as Bliss use dogs to check for an infestation and determine how extensive it is. A dog inspection costs around $500.
Jim Cameron, chairman of the Connecticut Rail Commuter Council, said he has not heard of commuters complaining.
"I don't think there's any reason to believe Metro-North would be carrying bedbugs any more than (people's) private cars," Cameron said.
International travel is believed to be the main culprit behind the resurgence of bedbugs. While DDT was banned by the U.S. in 1972, it's still used in other countries, but bedbugs have become resistant.
"How many people in Greenwich do international travel?" Altarescu said.
The Greenwich Housing Authority has dealt with infestations in its housing complexes in recent years, though Anthony Johnson, the agency's director.
"It's actually still very rare for us to encounter them, and we attack them aggressively," Johnson said. "We've been lucky."
Bedbugs -- which are flat, brown and wingless, and leave a series of itchy bites in a straight line -- are equal-opportunity pests.
"It doesn't have to do with income," Altarescu.
Getting rid of the bugs can be pricey. While exterminators use a chemical method to treat infested homes, Bliss Pest Control and other companies offer a newer heat treatment. Huge, 250-pound heaters are set up in homes, and heat rooms to 130 degrees, which kills the bedbugs. The advantage is that homeowners don't have to launder or dry clean their clothes, or get rid of some items, but the heat treatments are pricier than chemicals, starting at $3,500 to $4,000 per day.
Altarescu thinks it's a good idea to arrange a bedbug inspection if a child has just come home from camp or college. He also advises people to place suitcases on the luggage racks in hotel rooms instead of on the floor, and to perhaps take a look at the bed's headboard, where bedbugs are predominately found.
"It's very hard to totally protect yourself," Altarescu said. "You're not going to hibernate. All you are going to do is check to see if you have any bite marks. The best thing is to catch the problem early."
Trains are at least mopped once a day, Brucker said, and go through a major cleaning every few weeks, in which seats are taken apart and everything is washed thoroughly. Grand Central Terminal also has an exterminator. Read more: http://www.ctpost.com/news/article/They-re-here-Bedbugs-not-just-NYC-problem-639654.php#ixzz1C4MKqkMd
With all the recent stories about bedbugs taking over Manhattan, some may worry that the critters are just biding their time before hitching a ride on Metro-North up to Greenwich.
Don't worry. They're already here.
The invasive pests, once relegated to a popular bedtime saying, have been a problem in the area for the past few years.
Steve Altarescu, vice president of Bliss Pest Control, which has an office in Greenwich and covers the tri-state area, said the company has dealt with the critters in private homes of all sizes, as well as offices in Greenwich and Stamford. They even recently completed an all-night bedbug treatment at a movie theater -- Altarescu couldn't say which one -- between New Haven and Hartford counties.
"Bedbugs are so crazy now, predominantly because of traveling," said Altarescu, an associate certified entomologist, meaning he studies insects. "They hitchhike in people's bags, whether they're work bags, trip bags, school bags. We do a tremendous amount of work in Greenwich, Stamford and Westport."
Altarescu said that though Greenwich commuters could possibly bring New York bedbugs home with them, the nocturnal insects are more likely to come inside a briefcase or bag than be found crawling around the three-seater of a train. However, it's not out of the question.
"Bedbugs tend to hide in cracks and crevices," Altarescu said. "Any kind of old seat is going to have a gap. Bedbugs don't need a really big gap."
Metro-North spokesman Dan Brucker said he has not heard of bedbugs being an issue on trains, and said there is no prevention plan in place to specifically target the insects.
"We haven't seen anything, and we would see it because we actually take our trains apart and clean them," Brucker said.
Altarescu said he doesn't recommend using chemicals to prevent an infestation if there is not already a bedbug problem. Businesses can keep track of bedbugs by utilizing dogs, mostly beagles, trained to sniff out the critters. Companies such as Bliss use dogs to check for an infestation and determine how extensive it is. A dog inspection costs around $500.
Jim Cameron, chairman of the Connecticut Rail Commuter Council, said he has not heard of commuters complaining.
"I don't think there's any reason to believe Metro-North would be carrying bedbugs any more than (people's) private cars," Cameron said.
International travel is believed to be the main culprit behind the resurgence of bedbugs. While DDT was banned by the U.S. in 1972, it's still used in other countries, but bedbugs have become resistant.
"How many people in Greenwich do international travel?" Altarescu said.
The Greenwich Housing Authority has dealt with infestations in its housing complexes in recent years, though Anthony Johnson, the agency's director.
"It's actually still very rare for us to encounter them, and we attack them aggressively," Johnson said. "We've been lucky."
Bedbugs -- which are flat, brown and wingless, and leave a series of itchy bites in a straight line -- are equal-opportunity pests.
"It doesn't have to do with income," Altarescu.
Getting rid of the bugs can be pricey. While exterminators use a chemical method to treat infested homes, Bliss Pest Control and other companies offer a newer heat treatment. Huge, 250-pound heaters are set up in homes, and heat rooms to 130 degrees, which kills the bedbugs. The advantage is that homeowners don't have to launder or dry clean their clothes, or get rid of some items, but the heat treatments are pricier than chemicals, starting at $3,500 to $4,000 per day.
Altarescu thinks it's a good idea to arrange a bedbug inspection if a child has just come home from camp or college. He also advises people to place suitcases on the luggage racks in hotel rooms instead of on the floor, and to perhaps take a look at the bed's headboard, where bedbugs are predominately found.
"It's very hard to totally protect yourself," Altarescu said. "You're not going to hibernate. All you are going to do is check to see if you have any bite marks. The best thing is to catch the problem early."
Trains are at least mopped once a day, Brucker said, and go through a major cleaning every few weeks, in which seats are taken apart and everything is washed thoroughly. Grand Central Terminal also has an exterminator. Read more: http://www.ctpost.com/news/article/They-re-here-Bedbugs-not-just-NYC-problem-639654.php#ixzz1C4MKqkMd
Monday, January 24, 2011
AIr Quality and Remodeling
Harmful substances can be disturbed and released into the air during remodeling. Find out how to protect yourself from these contaminants.
By Diana Rodriguez
Medically reviewed by Christine Wilmsen Craig, MD
Print Email
Remodeling can give an old home a fresh new look. But while your home is getting its facelift, dangerous substances in older building materials may be lurking beneath floors, behind walls, and above ceilings. So before you take a sledgehammer to your kitchen, bathroom, or any room for remodeling, investigate your home's history.
Home Air Quality: What Lies Beneath
When you remodel an older home and rip out drywall, floors, and ceilings, or strip and sand paint, you never know what you may find underneath. Many older homes were built with materials that are no longer used because they were later found to contain air pollutants and cause health problems.
Some common harmful substances that may be uncovered during the remodeling of an older home include:
Asbestos
Lead paint
Lead dust
Radon
Mold and mildew
Formaldehyde
These substances may be found in and around:
Pipes and plumbing
Wall and attic insulation
Flooring
Fireproofing materials
Paint
Adhesives
Compressed wood (particle board)
Furniture
Though they may not present a problem if left undisturbed behind your walls or under the floorboards, these harmful substances can disperse fibers and chemicals into the air in your home if they become displaced. They materials should be safely and properly removed or completely sealed by a professional, to prevent contamination and health problems.
Remodeling and Your Health
The health problems that have been linked to asbestos, lead, and other materials that can be released during the remodeling process include:
Lung cancer
Mesothelioma
Lead poisoning
Central nervous system problems
Irritation to the eyes, throat, and nose
Fatigue
Frequent headaches
Liver and kidney damage
Nausea
Difficulty breathing and wheezing
Frequent cough
Skin rash
Problems with balance and coordination
Some of these health problems can be serious and chronic, so approach remodeling projects with caution to figure out what possible air pollutants could be lurking inside your home.
Planning Ahead to Maintain Good Air Quality
You can take certain steps to see if you have a problem with either existing or new materials in your home:
Look to see if any existing materials are labeled as containing asbestos or other harmful substances, and check for any other important information such as removal instructions.
Before remodeling starts, have a contractor inspect and test your home air quality for potentially harmful substances that could leak into your indoor air supply. Hire professionals to take the appropriate steps to contain the harmful air pollutants and protect your health.
Take care of any mold or mildew problems that have been exposed during the renovation. Replace moldy materials and give everything a good cleaning.
Take care when installing new products and applying new finishes. Paints, varnishes, stains, and thinners can all release harmful chemicals, so take all precautions suggested on the label. Always work in well-ventilated areas — open windows and have fans blowing or turn on air conditioning to get air pollutants out of your home.
Sealing off all vents and ducts in your home will also keep air pollutants from getting into your heating and cooling systems and circulating throughout your home.
Use the renovation as an opportunity to make sure you have good ventilation throughout your home, both during the renovation and afterward, to protect against the harmful effects of unwanted gases, allergens, mold, mildew, and other irritants.
Home remodeling offers a good opportunity to take inventory of the overall health of your home, and fix any potential problems. When dealing with dangerous substances that can cause serious health effects if not handled correctly, safeguard your family by calling in experienced professionals.
Investigate Your Indoor Air Quality
Asbestos Risks in the Home
Household Molds and Your Health
How to Detect Carbon Monoxide
Does Your House Have a Radon Problem?
Does Your Home Need a Clean Air System?
Protect Against Air Pollutants When Remodeling
Indoor Air Quality: The Trouble With Carpeting
By Diana Rodriguez
Medically reviewed by Christine Wilmsen Craig, MD
Print Email
Remodeling can give an old home a fresh new look. But while your home is getting its facelift, dangerous substances in older building materials may be lurking beneath floors, behind walls, and above ceilings. So before you take a sledgehammer to your kitchen, bathroom, or any room for remodeling, investigate your home's history.
Home Air Quality: What Lies Beneath
When you remodel an older home and rip out drywall, floors, and ceilings, or strip and sand paint, you never know what you may find underneath. Many older homes were built with materials that are no longer used because they were later found to contain air pollutants and cause health problems.
Some common harmful substances that may be uncovered during the remodeling of an older home include:
Asbestos
Lead paint
Lead dust
Radon
Mold and mildew
Formaldehyde
These substances may be found in and around:
Pipes and plumbing
Wall and attic insulation
Flooring
Fireproofing materials
Paint
Adhesives
Compressed wood (particle board)
Furniture
Though they may not present a problem if left undisturbed behind your walls or under the floorboards, these harmful substances can disperse fibers and chemicals into the air in your home if they become displaced. They materials should be safely and properly removed or completely sealed by a professional, to prevent contamination and health problems.
Remodeling and Your Health
The health problems that have been linked to asbestos, lead, and other materials that can be released during the remodeling process include:
Lung cancer
Mesothelioma
Lead poisoning
Central nervous system problems
Irritation to the eyes, throat, and nose
Fatigue
Frequent headaches
Liver and kidney damage
Nausea
Difficulty breathing and wheezing
Frequent cough
Skin rash
Problems with balance and coordination
Some of these health problems can be serious and chronic, so approach remodeling projects with caution to figure out what possible air pollutants could be lurking inside your home.
Planning Ahead to Maintain Good Air Quality
You can take certain steps to see if you have a problem with either existing or new materials in your home:
Look to see if any existing materials are labeled as containing asbestos or other harmful substances, and check for any other important information such as removal instructions.
Before remodeling starts, have a contractor inspect and test your home air quality for potentially harmful substances that could leak into your indoor air supply. Hire professionals to take the appropriate steps to contain the harmful air pollutants and protect your health.
Take care of any mold or mildew problems that have been exposed during the renovation. Replace moldy materials and give everything a good cleaning.
Take care when installing new products and applying new finishes. Paints, varnishes, stains, and thinners can all release harmful chemicals, so take all precautions suggested on the label. Always work in well-ventilated areas — open windows and have fans blowing or turn on air conditioning to get air pollutants out of your home.
Sealing off all vents and ducts in your home will also keep air pollutants from getting into your heating and cooling systems and circulating throughout your home.
Use the renovation as an opportunity to make sure you have good ventilation throughout your home, both during the renovation and afterward, to protect against the harmful effects of unwanted gases, allergens, mold, mildew, and other irritants.
Home remodeling offers a good opportunity to take inventory of the overall health of your home, and fix any potential problems. When dealing with dangerous substances that can cause serious health effects if not handled correctly, safeguard your family by calling in experienced professionals.
Investigate Your Indoor Air Quality
Asbestos Risks in the Home
Household Molds and Your Health
How to Detect Carbon Monoxide
Does Your House Have a Radon Problem?
Does Your Home Need a Clean Air System?
Protect Against Air Pollutants When Remodeling
Indoor Air Quality: The Trouble With Carpeting
Monday, January 17, 2011
EPA, Schools to Tackle Indoor Air Quality
Release date: 01/14/2011
Contact Information: Stacy Kika, kika.stacy@epa.gov, 202-564-0906, 202-564-4355
WASHINGTON - The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) is holding its 11th Annual Indoor Air Quality (IAQ) Tools for Schools National Symposium in Washington, D.C. on January 13-15, 2011. The meeting is bringing together school board officials, administrators, health association members, school nurses, teachers, parents, and others to take charge in protecting the indoor air environments of children in schools. Nearly 55 million children and approximately 6 million adults spend a significant portion of their days in more than 132,000 public and private school buildings in the United States. Many of these buildings are old, in poor condition, and may have environmental conditions that inhibit learning and pose risks to the health of children and staff. “Protecting children’s health is a top priority for EPA,” said Gina McCarthy, assistant administrator for EPA’s Office of Air and Radiation. “School kids, parents and teachers face challenges every day, so EPA designed the Tools for Schools Program to make sure that poor indoor air quality isn’t one of them.”Poor indoor air quality in schools can impact the comfort and health of students and staff, which, in turn, can affect concentration, attendance, and student performance. Eight school districts across the country are being recognized at the IAQ Tools for Schools National Symposium for leading the way to improving conditions at their schools and taking action to prevent future IAQ health risks. The symposium focuses on a wide range of environmental risks, including radon, mold, pest management, and asthma management. Here are a few tips schools can take to start improving their indoor air quality:- Get an IAQ Tools for Schools Action Kit online - Review the IAQ Coordinator’s Guide provided in the IAQ Tools for Schools Action Kit- Develop an IAQ team and review current IAQ practices in your school- Develop an IAQ program and encourage good IAQ practices across the school and community- Test your school for radonThe IAQ Tools for Schools Program, launched in 1995, assists school districts in identifying the actions they can take to successfully plan and implement an effective IAQ management program.More information on IAQ Tools for Schools: http://www.epa.gov/iaq/schools/index.html
Contact Information: Stacy Kika, kika.stacy@epa.gov, 202-564-0906, 202-564-4355
WASHINGTON - The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) is holding its 11th Annual Indoor Air Quality (IAQ) Tools for Schools National Symposium in Washington, D.C. on January 13-15, 2011. The meeting is bringing together school board officials, administrators, health association members, school nurses, teachers, parents, and others to take charge in protecting the indoor air environments of children in schools. Nearly 55 million children and approximately 6 million adults spend a significant portion of their days in more than 132,000 public and private school buildings in the United States. Many of these buildings are old, in poor condition, and may have environmental conditions that inhibit learning and pose risks to the health of children and staff. “Protecting children’s health is a top priority for EPA,” said Gina McCarthy, assistant administrator for EPA’s Office of Air and Radiation. “School kids, parents and teachers face challenges every day, so EPA designed the Tools for Schools Program to make sure that poor indoor air quality isn’t one of them.”Poor indoor air quality in schools can impact the comfort and health of students and staff, which, in turn, can affect concentration, attendance, and student performance. Eight school districts across the country are being recognized at the IAQ Tools for Schools National Symposium for leading the way to improving conditions at their schools and taking action to prevent future IAQ health risks. The symposium focuses on a wide range of environmental risks, including radon, mold, pest management, and asthma management. Here are a few tips schools can take to start improving their indoor air quality:- Get an IAQ Tools for Schools Action Kit online - Review the IAQ Coordinator’s Guide provided in the IAQ Tools for Schools Action Kit- Develop an IAQ team and review current IAQ practices in your school- Develop an IAQ program and encourage good IAQ practices across the school and community- Test your school for radonThe IAQ Tools for Schools Program, launched in 1995, assists school districts in identifying the actions they can take to successfully plan and implement an effective IAQ management program.More information on IAQ Tools for Schools: http://www.epa.gov/iaq/schools/index.html
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